Linguistics

The article discusses superstitions as a cultural phenomenon, the author describes the features of their functioning in a multicultural literary text and discusses the possibility of classifying them as national precedent phenomena. Particular attention is paid to images, precedent situations, traditions and artifacts.

The article discusses the problem of dialect phraseology research of insular German dialects. The fact, that insular German dialects were isolated and influenced by the Russian language and the Russian-speaking environment for a long time, has affected the phraseological stock of the dialects and can be explained by the factors which determine the tendency in the ethnic assimilation processes.

This article considers an individual nickname from the point of view of the independence of its allocation, position in the anthroponymic field in relation to other peripheral naming conventions, the history of study, the role in informal communication, as well as cognitive features. The quoted theoretical material is illustrated by examples of nicknames that are actively used in the military community.

The article is dedicated to the discourse analysis of the themes raised in the American media when reporting on immigrants. The study attempts to gain an understanding of the existing public attitudes towards refugees and the problem of immigration. We used a mixed research approach combining discourse analysis, framing analysis and corpus linguistics to examine 151 articles over the 12-month period of 2018.

The article presents the results of modeling the semantic processes taking place during the hermeneutic interpretation of the Russian term and concept of ‘media’. The paper examines the synonymous pair of the univerb ‘медиа’ (‘media’) and generating word-combination ‘средства массовой информации’ (‘means of mass information’). As a result of semantic condensation, the components ‘information’ and ‘masses’ lose their original semantics, and the ‘intermediary’ component acts as the dominant one.

The article examines the cognitive strategy chosen by the Portuguese poet Sophia de Mello (1919–2004). The poems are analyzed according to the criteria of a harmonious/disharmonious perception of the world, the predominance of objective/subjective point of view, as well as from the point of view of performing an orienting function or creating the effect of disorientation.

The article considers the representation of the concept persistence in the Russian language consciousness. On the basis of the associative experiment, the author describes the field organization of the concept persistence in accordance with the core and peripheries and models the structure of this concept by distributing cognitive characteristics among the sensitive-figurative, information and interpretative fields.

The article examines some approaches to the semantics of the French preposition à, more specifically its spatial meaning. The researches of the main French linguists which focus on the semantics of the prepositions, including the preposition à, were analysed as a theoretical basis (cognitive approach).

This article analyzes food tradition in the folk speech culture based on the material of Vologda dialects. The article examines one of the main elements of the food tradition – the names of food items, dishes and drinks. The research is carried out by means of the thematic classification of units: the composition of the thematic group and the functioning of units in speech are analyzed.

This article analyzes the use of different types of precedent phenomena. The author examines special characteristics of precedent texts, precedent names, precedent utterances, precedent situations functioning in different cultural and linguistic forms of the Russian informal communication. The author also identifies social and cultural variability of the system of precedent phenomena in the consciousness and speech of the Russian speakers.