semantics

The article deals with the application of phraseological units in describing China in the English language media discourse. The evaluation in idioms is determined by means of discourse analysis which takes into account extra-linguistic, linguistic and cognitive factors. Subjective modalities specify the evaluative potential of idioms and show the mechanism of manipulating public opinion in the media discourse.

The article deals with different variants of the legal picture of the world emerging in the literary English language and its sociolects (terminology and jargon). The analysis shows that the diversity of the linguistic legal picture depends on the social and functional stratification of the language and various extra-linguistic factors.

The article deals with one of the complex issues of terminology – the problem of structural and semantic features of nomenclature signs coined with the help of proper names on the material of the terminological systems of the Anglo-American, international public, European law and the Organization of American States. On the basis of the analysis of the nomenclature units represented by the names of legal precedents, and taking into account the existing classifications of proper names, characteristic features of legal nomenclature signs were revealed.

The article reviews the semantic field of color terms in Germanic languages: its structure, characteristic features of the basic part and periphery formation, development trends. Based on lexical and semantic groups of color term adjectives of the English and German languages, the authors determine general and specific features in word formation and semantic processes in the semantic field under research.

The article deals with linguistic and extralinguistic factors affecting the development and functioning of phraseological units with the national cultural component of semantics.

The essence of the concept "word-forming metaphor" is disclosed in the article, the semantic potential of derivatives with metaphorical motivation is explored, the causes of derivational activity or inactivity of word-forming metaphors are revealed.

The article presents the semantic differentiation of the Arabic idioms with the words from the semantic field ‘nutrition’; the degree of phraseological units activity in the replenishment of different semantic spheres and fields is identified; the basic models of idiomatization are singled out as well as the role of conceptual, cultural and historical factors in this process.

The article focuses on the lexical units borrowed from the Arabian language. The Arabisms of the theme group of ‘Buildings, structures, construction materials’ are analyzed. The dictionary definitions of these words from the Arabian dictionary Al Muajam Al Waseet (2004) are compared to the definitions represented in the Arabian-Russian and Russian-Arabian dictionaries, in the dictionaries of foreign words of different authors. The author considers how the borrowed lexical units function in the Russian speech and identifies the peculiarities of their adjustment to the Russian language.

The article specifies the semantic amount of the fundamental action verbs in the English, German, French, and Italian languages on the basis of the comparative approach ; the degree of their eurysemy is established.