English

The article studies judicial discourse, namely, the peculiarities of speech interaction between the judge and the defendant during the judicial interrogation. The author distinguishes three types of tactics in the speech of Russian and English judges in accordance with the functions performed by them. In the work, the national-cultural specificity of the speech of Russian judges is noted, due to a number of social factors and features of the national mentality.

In the article on the material of the genre "Presidential Addresses to the Federal Assembly", a comparative study of the specifics of the use of auxiliary communicative units in Russian and American political discourse is conducted, common and specific features are revealed in their use in the speech of political leaders.

The article specifies the semantic amount of the fundamental action verbs in the English, German, French, and Italian languages on the basis of the comparative approach ; the degree of their eurysemy is established.